Definition: A Computer is an
electronic device that can perform activities that involve Mathematical,
Logical and graphical manipulations. Generally, the term is used to describe a
collection of devices that function together as a system.
It performs the following three operations in sequence.
1. It receives data & instructions from the input
device.
2. Processes the data as per instructions.
3. Provides the result (output) in a desired form.
Data: It is the collection of
raw facts, figures & symbols.
Ex: Names of students and their marks in different subjects
listed in random order.
Information: It is the data
that is processed & presented in an organized manner.
Ex: When the names of students are arranged in alphabetical
order, total and average marks are calculated & presented in a tabular
form, it is information.
Program: Set of instructions
that enable a computer to perform a given task.
Advantages of computers:
1. High speed: Computers have
the ability to perform routine tasks at a greater speed than human beings. They
can perform millions of calculations in seconds.
2. Accuracy: Computers are used
to perform tasks in a way that ensures accuracy.
3. Storage: Computers can store
large amount of information. Any item of data or any instruction stored in the
memory can be retrieved by the computer at lightning speeds.
4. Automation: Computers can be
instructed to perform complex tasks automatically (which increases the
productivity).
5. Diligence: Computers can
perform the same task repeatedly & with the same accuracy without getting
tired.
6. Versatility: Computers are
flexible to perform both simple and complex tasks.
7. Cost effectiveness: Computers
reduce the amount of paper work and human effort, thereby reducing costs.
Limitations of computers:
1. Computers need clear & complete instructions to
perform a task accurately. If the instructions are not clear & complete,
the computer will not produce the required result.
2. Computers cannot think.
3. Computers cannot learn by experience.